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Shiraz

Shiraz, the capital of Fars Province, is home to around two million people. Located in southern Iran, Shiraz enjoys a relatively mild climate. Based on Iran’s 2016 census, it was the country’s fifth-largest city by population. 

 

Known as the City of Flowers and Nightingales, Shiraz has long been regarded as one of Iran’s major centers of culture and art.

Shiraz is also a major medical hub in Iran and an important healthcare center in the region. Many international visitors travel to the city each year for medical and cosmetic procedures, taking advantage of its specialized healthcare services.

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Shiraz History

Recent archaeological discoveries at an ancient mound known as Poostchi, in central Shiraz, have pushed the history of the city back around 7,500 years.

 

The remains of a prehistoric village and a massive, high wall discovered at the site point to one of the earliest known human settlements in Shiraz.

 

Human skeletal remains, seals, and stone artifacts are among the discoveries made at the site. Precise dating of these finds provides further evidence for its antiquity.

 

Throughout its history, Shiraz has served as a capital five times under different dynasties, including the Saffarids, Buyids, Atabaks, Muzaffarids, and Zands. Each period left its mark on the city, with notable monuments built during these eras.

Tourists posing with “Shiraz” sign in front of Karim Khan Citadel
Shiraz sign infront of Karimkhan Citadel

Fars Province also holds the record for the highest number of UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Iran, with 11 sites. The breadth and diversity of its historical and cultural heritage make Fars one of the most historically diverse provinces in Iran.

Why Visit Shiraz?

1- One of Iran’s most popular tourist destinations: For many years, Shiraz has been one of Iran’s leading tourist destinations, attracting large numbers of domestic and international visitors.  Recent official tourism statistics highlight the popularity of several major attractions in and around Shiraz.

During the 2025 Nowruz holiday period, Persepolis, Hafezieh, and Saadieh were among the most visited historical and cultural sites in Iran, while Pasargadae also ranked among the most visited destinations.

 

2- The city of Persian poetry and literature: Shiraz has long been closely associated with Persian poetry and literature. The city is home to the tombs of two of Iran’s most celebrated poets, Hafez and Saadi, whose works continue to shape Persian literary culture.

 

3- Zand-era heritage: Shiraz reached a period of major development during the Zand dynasty under Karim Khan Zand, who made Shiraz his capital. Many of the city’s most important historic buildings and landmarks date from this period, reflecting the architectural and urban development of the Zand era.

 

4- Persian gardens: Pasargadae, the ancient capital of the Achaemenid Empire, contains the tomb of Cyrus the Great, the founder of the Achaemenid Empire, as well as one of the earliest known examples of the Persian garden.

The Achaemenid Empire also holds the Guinness World Records title for the largest empire by percentage of world population. Around 480 BC, it accounted for approximately 44% of the world’s population.

 

In Shiraz, Eram Garden is a notable example of Persian garden design. The city is also home to numerous historic gardens, which form an important part of its architectural and cultural heritage.

 

5- Close to Iran’s most famous historical sites: Shiraz is about an hour’s drive from Persepolis and Naqsh-e Rostam and around two hours from Pasargadae.

It is also the closest major city to the Sasanian archaeological sites of Firuzabad and Kazerun, which form part of the Sasanian Archaeological Landscape of Fars, a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Planning a trip to Shiraz?

Explore our guide to the must-see places in Shiraz and discover the historic sites, gardens, mosques, and bazaars worth adding to your itinerary.

How Many Days Should You Spend in Shiraz?

Plan to spend at least 2-4 days in Shiraz, or up to 5 days if you want to explore some of the major historical sites around the city.

 

Day 1: Visit Shiraz’s main attractions and historic landmarks.

Day 2: Explore Shiraz’s Persian gardens and its cultural and literary heritage.

Day 3: Take a day trip to Persepolis, Naqsh-e Rostam, and Pasargadae.

Days 4-5: Explore some of the historical sites around Shiraz, including Bishapur, Tang-e Chogan, Ardashir Palace, Qal’eh Dokhtar, and the ancient city of Gor.

 

Of course, this does not mean you will run out of places to visit after five days. Shiraz also has a historic old quarter and many lesser-known attractions that most tourists never discover

Quran Gate (Darvazeh Quran) in Shiraz, Iran
The Quran Gate, a historic landmarks and gateway of Shiraz, Iran.

A local guide who knows Shiraz well can take you beyond the city’s better-known sights and introduce you to places that are easy to miss.

Explore our Shiraz City Tour to discover more of the city with a local guide.

Best Time to Visit Shiraz

Spring and autumn

Shiraz is like a paradise in spring, filled with flowers and the sweet fragrance of orange blossoms. The weather is mild, pleasant, and particularly enjoyable for exploring the city.

Although summers in Shiraz can be very hot, winters are generally mild and not particularly harsh. Autumn is also a beautiful time to visit, when the changing colors of the trees give the city a particularly magical atmosphere.

 

Keep in mind that Shiraz is one of the most popular destinations for domestic travelers. If you prefer to avoid crowds, it is better to avoid visiting during the Nowruz holidays, which is the first two weeks of the Persian New Year. Popular attractions and recreational areas can become very crowded during this period.

What to Eat in Shiraz?

Kalam Polo Shirazi: One of Shiraz’s most famous traditional dishes and a must-try when visiting the city. It combines seasoned rice with aromatic herbs and cabbage, served with small meatballs. It is often served with Shirazi Salad.

 

Shirazi Salad: A simple and refreshing combination of finely chopped fresh vegetables, including cucumber, tomato, onion, and mint, mixed with fresh verjuice, salt, and pepper.

 

Ash-e Sabzi: One of the most popular traditional breakfasts in Shiraz. This hearty herb and legume soup is typically served with warm Sangak bread and fresh lemon.

 

Shirazi Faloodeh: Also known as Shirazi Paloudeh, this is one of Iran’s most popular frozen desserts. Made with thin rice starch noodles, it is traditionally served with fresh lime juice or strawberry syrup.

 

Koloucheh and Masghati: Traditional Shirazi sweets that are often served together, especially at celebrations, gatherings, and family occasions.

 

Youkheh Bread: A traditional Shirazi pastry made from very thin layers of dough, traditionally enjoyed as a sweet treat and commonly found in local bakeries.

Best Day Trips from Shiraz

As the capital of Fars Province, Shiraz is a convenient base for exploring a diverse range of ancient and natural attractions including sites dating from the Achaemenid and Sasanian periods.

Many of these destinations are within easy reach of Shiraz and can be visited as day trips.

Tourists viewing a Sasanian rock relief at Naqsh-e Rostam near Shiraz
Sasanian rock relief at Naqsh-e Rostam
What Are the Most Important Traditional Arts and Crafts in Shiraz?

Gabbeh and Kilim: Shiraz’s proximity to the Zagros Mountains, where many nomadic communities of Fars Province have traditionally lived, has contributed to the presence of traditional woven crafts such as Gabbeh and Kilim.

 

Khatamkari: A distinctive Persian art of intricate inlay work used to decorate and make a variety of objects, from chessboards and jewelry boxes to trays and containers for nuts and sweets.

 

Ceramics and Glazed Tiles: Shiraz is known for colorful glazed tilework, including the traditional haft rang technique, which uses seven-color tiles in architecture and decorative objects.

 

Silversmithing: Traditional silverwork is another craft practiced in Shiraz, with handmade decorative and functional objects produced by local artisans.

 

Other traditional crafts associated with Shiraz include wood carving (Monabbat), felt making, and metal engraving (Ghalamzani).

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